Pada pelajaran Present Perfect Continuous Tense ini sobat akan mengetahui pengertian, fungsi, rumus, contoh kalimat positif, kalimat negatif & kalimat interogatif (tanya) serta contoh soal.
Hai sobat SUPER, how are you today?
Pada artikel sebelumnya kita sudah membahas:
Pada artikel kali ini, Superonlline.com akan membahas tentang Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Namun, sebelum kita membahas Present Perfect Continuous Tense lebih dalam, Superonlline.com ingin memberikan sedikit gambaran perbedaan antara present perfect tense dan present perfect continuous tense.
Selain perbedaan secara grammatical, perbedaan antara kedua tenses tersebut yaitu terletak pada kegiatannya (action). Present perfect tense yaitu membicarakan suatu kegiatan atau kejadian di waktu lampau yang sudah terjadi atau berakhir sebelum kita membicarakan kegiatan itu saat ini.
Sedangkan, Present perfect continuous tense yaitu membicarakan kejadian di waktu lampau dan masih sedang berlanjut (ongoing) sampai saat ini.
Untuk gambaran lebih jelasnya, yuk kita lihat perbedaan kedua tenses tersebut dalam kalimat ini.
- I have had lunch (Present Perfect Tense).
- I have been having lunch (Present Perfect Continuous Tense).
Kalimat pertama menjelaskan suatu kegiatan yang telah selesai dilakukan (Finished Action), Sedangkan kalimat kedua menjelaskan suatu kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung (Unfinished action).
Jadi, sudah jelas ya perbedaan kedua tenses tersebut.
Pengertian Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense adalah sebuah tenses yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang telah sedang kita kerjakan/terjadi dimasa lampau dan masih sedang berlangsung hingga saat sekarang ini.
Rumus Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Jika pada rumus present perfect tense kita menggunakan kata kerja ketiga (Verb 3) sebagai kata kerja utama, pada present perfect continuous tense kita menggunakan kata kerja bentuk pertama (Verb 1) ditambah “ING” untuk kata kerja pertama nya. Pelajari aturan penambahan Ing disini.
Untuk lebih jelasnya, kita lihat rumus beserta contoh kalimatnya di bawah ini.
A. Kalimat Positif
Subject | Have/Has | Been | V1 + Ing | Object | For/Since |
I | have | been | living | in Palembang | since 1988. |
You | have | been | waiting | the bus | for five minutes. |
We | have | been | studying | English | for four years. |
They | have | been | fighting | in the kitchen | since this morning. |
He | has | been | fishing | in the river | since last night. |
She | has | been | discussing | the problem | for two hours. |
It | has | been | raining | – | since an hour ago. |
Keterangan:
For & Since digunakan untuk memberikan keterangan tambahan seberapa lama suatu kegiatan/peristiwa itu terjadi. Dalam bahasa Indonesia For artinya selama, sedengkan since artinya sejak.
Walaupun For & Since sama-sama digunakan untuk menjelaskan durasi waktu terjadinya suatu kegiatan/peristiwa, kedua keterangan waktu tersebut memiliki aturan penggunaan yang berbeda.
Perbedaan penggunaan For & Since yaitu:
For: digunakan untuk menjelaskan periode waktu suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa.
Contoh: For 2 days, for a month, for a week, for a long time, for a year, dsb.
Since: Digunakan untuk menjelaskan kapan kegiatan atau peristiwa itu dimulai/terjadi.
Contoh: Since last week, since 1981, since this morning, since last night.
Sampai sini sudah jelas ya perbedaan kedua keterangan waktu tersebut.
Baiklah kita lanjut ke rumus dalam bentuk “Kalimat Negatif“.
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B. Kalimat Negatif
Bagaimana membuat kalimat dalam bentuk negatif (negative form)?
Untuk membuat kalimat negatif kita cukup menambahkan “NOT” setelah kata kerja bantu (Auxiliary Verb Have, Be & Do).
Biar tidak mengulang-ulang penjelasan pembentukan kalimat negatif, Superonlline.com ingin menekankan bahwa penambahan “NOT” setelah auxiliary berlaku untuk semua jenis tenses. Jadi bukan hanya untuk Present Perfect Continuous saja.
Subject | Have/Has | Not | Been | Verb1 + Ing | Object | For/Since |
I | have | not | been | living | in Palembang | since 1988. |
You | have | not | been | waiting | the bus | for five minutes. |
We | have | not | been | studying | English | for four years. |
They | have | not | been | fighting | in the kitchen | since this morning. |
He | has | not | been | fishing | in the river | since last night. |
She | has | not | been | discussing | the problem | for two hours. |
It | has | not | been | raining | – | since an hour ago. |
C. Kalimat Interogatif
Untuk membuat kalimat tanya, kita cukup meletakkan Auxiliary verb Have/Has diawal kalimat sebelum subject dan di akhiri dengan tanda tanya pada akhir kalimat.
Have/Has | Subject | Been | Verb 1 + Ing | Object | For/Since |
Have | I | been | living | in Palembang | since 1988? |
Have | you | been | waiting | the bus | for five minutes? |
Have | we | been | studying | English | for four years? |
Have | they | been | fighting | in the kitchen | since this morning? |
Has | he | been | fishing | in the river | since last night? |
Has | she | been | discussing | the problem | for two hours? |
Has | it | been | raining | – | since an hour ago? |
D. Cara Menjawab YES/No Questions.
Jika ada pertanyaan, maka sudah pasti ada jawaban. Nah, untuk menjawab kalimat pertanyaan diatas, kita bisa menggunakan dua cara yaitu short answer (jawaban singkat) dan long answer (jawaban panjang).
Short Answer | Long Answer |
Yes, you have. | Yes, you have been living in Palembang since 1988. |
No, you haven’t. | No, you haven’t been living in Palembang since 1988. |
Yes, I have. | Yes, I have been waiting the bus for five minutes. |
No, I haven’t. | No, I haven’t been waiting the bus for five minutes. |
Yes, we have. | Yes, we have been studying English for four years. |
No, we haven’t. | No, we haven’t been studying English for four years. |
Yes, they have. | Yes, they have been fighting in the kitchen since this morning. |
No, they haven’t. | No, they haven’t been fighting in the kitchen since this morning. |
Yes, he has. | Yes, he has been fishing in the river since last night. |
No, he hasn’t. | No, he hasn’t been fishing in the river since last night. |
Yes, she has. | Yes, she has been discussing the problem for two hours. |
No, she hasn’t. | No, she hasn’t been discussing the problem for two hours. |
Yes, it has. | Yes, it has been raining since an hour ago. |
No, it hasn’t. | No, it has not been raining since an hour ago. |
Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Sebelum memasuki sesi latihan, untuk mengingatkan kembali penggunaan dan bentuk kalimat present perfect continuous tense, Superonlline.com ingin memberikan 10 contoh kalimat present perfect continuous tense dalam bentuk positif, negatif dan interogatif (tanya).
Siapkan juga buku catatan untuk mencatat kosa-kata (vocabulary) yang sobat belum ketahui sebelumnya.
A. Kalimat Positif Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- I have been doing this project since three years ago.
- You have been drinking too much caffeine lately.
- She has been sewing a gown for three months.
- We have been going abroad since last year.
- Nina has been taking a shower for 30 minutes.
- They have been exercising for two hours ago.
- My son has been watching television for the past hour.
- He has been writing this article for four hours.
- Israel has been starting a war since 1948.
- We have been jogging all day.
B. Kalimat Negatif Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- I haven’t been doing this project since three years ago.
- You haven’t been drinking too much caffeine lately.
- She hasn’t been sewing a gown for three months.
- We haven’t been going abroad since last year.
- Nina hasn’t been taking a shower for 30 minutes.
- They haven’t been exercising for two hours ago.
- My son hasn’t been watching television for the past hour.
- He hasn’t been writing this article for four hours.
- Israel hasn’t been starting a war since 1948.
- We haven’t been jogging all day.
C. Kalimat Interogatif Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- Have I been doing this project since three years ago?
- Have you been drinking too much caffeine lately?
- Has she been sewing a gown for three months?
- Have we been going abroad since last year?
- Has Nina been taking a shower for 30 minutes?
- Have they been exercising for two hours ago?
- Has my son been watching television for the past hour?
- Has he been writing this article for four hours?
- Has Israel been starting a war since 1948?
- Have we been jogging all day?
Contoh Soal Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Practice makes perfect.
Seperti kata pepatah diatas, semakin banyak berlatih akan membuat kita semakin mahir dalam hal apapun.
Untuk itu, Superonlline.com buatkan beberapa contoh soal present perfect continuous tense untuk membantu lebih memahami bentuk grammatical dan bagaimana membuat serta merubah kalimat tersebut dalam bentuk positif, negatif dan interogatif secara baik dan benar.
A. Soal Essay
Terjemahkanlah kalimat-kalimat berikut ini kedalam Bahasa Inggris.
- Saya telah sedang menunggu kedatanganmu sejak bulan lalu.
- Apakah mereka telah sedang menginap di hotel itu selama tiga hari?
- Sudah berapa lama dia (pr) mencuci di sungai itu?
- Siapa telah sedang duduk dibawah pohon sejak lima menit yang lalu.
- Kami telah sedang mengerjakan latihan Bahasa Inggris selama sepuluh menit.
- Dengan siapa adikmu telah sedang bermain bola kaki disana?
- Hari telah sedang hujan sejak kemarin pagi.
- Para petani itu telah sedang menanam padi disawah sejak dua hari yang lalu.
- Dia (lk) telah sedang mencuci mobil itu selama setengah jam.
- Apa yang telah sedang mereka kerjakan dikebun itu sejak bulan lalu?
B. Soal Pilihan Ganda
Pilihlah jawaban yang paling tepat A, B, C atau D
1. She has been … her music lessons for several years.
a. take
b. taking
c. tooking
d. taken
2. He hasn’t been … him any money since last summer.
a. sending
b. senting
c. sening
d. to sending
3. We haven’t been … them since February.
a. see
b. seen
c. to seing
d. seeing
4. I have been … this trip for a year.
a. planning
b. planing
c. to planing
d. plan
5. It has been … steadily since last night.
a. snowing
b. to snow
c. to snowing
d. snowed
6. They have been … that same car since I have known them.
a. drive
b. driven
c. drove .
d. driving
7. Jonh has been … trouble with his new car.
a. having
b. hasing
c. hading
d. have
8. He has been … her all about it.
a. told
b. telling
c. to tell
d. to telling
9. We have been … this textbook since January.
a. using
b. to using
c. useing
d. to useing
10. They have been … about it for more than an hour.
a. to argueing
b. arguing
c. argueing
d. to arguing
C. Soal Jumble Words (Menyusun Kalimat)
Susunlah kata-kata berikut ini menjadi kalimat yang benar.
- teaching – been – brother – has – her – since – Arabic – years – ten – ago
- looking – here – for – what – been – he – has – ?
- kitchen – not – been – she – yesterday – has –cooking – the – in – since
- lying – how – they – in – have – beach – long – been – the – ?
- swimming – been – for – have – five – we –minutes
- who – been – has – flowers – garden – the – watering – in – ?
- two – operating – for – patients – have – the doctors – been – hours
- last – have – mountain – not – they – been – since – climbing – winter
- flying – for – the plane – hours – been – two – has
- university – years – daughter – studying – two – been – my – has – at – for
Akhir Kata
Kita sudah membahas secara detail tentang Present Perfect Continuous Tense mulai dari pengertian sampai dengan cara membentuk kalimat positif, negatif dan interogatif, serta latihan soal untuk mengingat kembali materi yang sudah di pelajari.
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